A matsayin maɓalli mai mahimmanci a cikin kayan aikin injiniya, ana amfani da ƙafafun hannu na carbon karfe a cikin sarrafa bawul, kayan aikin likita, kayan sufuri da sauran filayen. Koyaya, yayin amfani na dogon lokaci{1}, ana iya sawa ko lalata keken hannu saboda yawan aiki, abubuwan muhalli da wasu dalilai. Gyaran lokaci da inganci ba zai iya tsawaita rayuwar sabis na keken hannu ba, amma kuma tabbatar da aikin al'ada na kayan aiki.
Abun ciki
1. Aiki da muhimmancin carbon karfe handwheel
2. Nau'in lalacewa na yau da kullun da lalacewa na takalmin hannu na ƙarfe na ƙarfe
3. Shiri don gyara carbon karfe handwheel
4. Hanyar gyara na carbon karfe handwheel
4.1. Gyaran walda
4.2. Gyaran injina
4.3. Gyaran jiyya na saman
5. Dubawa da shigarwa bayan gyarawa
6. Matakan hana lalacewa na carbon karfe handwheel
1. Aiki da muhimmancin carbon karfe handwheel
Carbon karfe wheelwheel ne yafi amfani da iko da daidaita da inji da na'urorin masana'antu. Ta hanyar jujjuya ƙafafun hannu da hannu, mai aiki zai iya daidaita yanayin aiki na kayan aiki daidai. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙafafun ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe{2} ana siffanta su da ƙarfin ƙarfi da ɗorewa, kuma suna iya kiyaye aiki mai ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin babban nauyi da matsanancin yanayin aiki mai girma-. Bugu da kari, tattalin arzikin carbon karfe handwheels sanya shi na farko zabi a da yawa masana'antu aikace-aikace.
2. Nau'in lalacewa na yau da kullun da lalacewa na ƙafafun hannu na ƙarfe na ƙarfe
Nau'o'in lalacewa ko lalacewa na iya faruwa ga ƙafafun hannu na karfe yayin amfani:
Tufafin saman: Saboda aikin jujjuyawar lokaci mai tsawo, ana iya sawa saman ƙafafun abin hannu, yana haifar da rashin kyan gani har ma yana shafar yanayin aiki.
Fashewa ko karyewa: Ƙarƙashin babban nauyi ko tasiri na bazata, ƙafar hannu na iya tsagewa, kuma a lokuta masu tsanani na iya haifar da karyewa.
Lalacewar lalata: A cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano ko ɓarna, ƙafafun hannu na iya lalacewa, yana shafar ƙarfin tsarin sa da rayuwar sabis.
Ramin tsakiya ko lalacewa ta hanyar maɓalli: Sassan mating tare da shaft ko maɓalli na iya sawa saboda gogayya, yana haifar da rashin daidaituwar shigarwa ko ƙarancin watsawa.
3. Shirye-shiryen gyaran gyare-gyaren carbon karfe handwheels
Kafin gyara dabarar hannu, ana buƙatar yin shirye-shirye masu zuwa:
Matakan tsaro: Tabbatar da yanayin aiki mai aminci kuma sanya kayan kariya masu mahimmanci, kamar safar hannu, tabarau, da sauransu.
Shirye-shiryen kayan aiki: Shirya kayan aikin da ake buƙata bisa ga hanyar gyarawa, kamar kayan walda, kayan aikin injin, kayan aikin tsaftacewa, da dai sauransu.
Tsaftace ƙafafun hannu: Tsaftace saman wheel wheel da cire datti kamar mai da tsatsa don sarrafawa na gaba.
Bincika girman lalacewa: A hankali bincika ɓangarori na ƙafar ƙafar hannu, kimanta yiwuwar gyara shi, da tuntuɓi ƙwararru idan ya cancanta.
4. Hanyoyi na gyare-gyare don carbon karfe handwheels
Yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi hanyar gyara da ta dace daidai da nau'in da matakin lalacewa ga ƙafafun hannu. Hanyoyin gyara gama gari sun haɗa da:
4.1. Gyaran walda
Don fashe ko karyewar ƙafafun hannu, ana iya amfani da gyaran walda. Welding na iya dawo da mutunci da ƙarfin abin hannu.
Matakai:
Shiri: Tsaftace wurin da ya fashe kuma cire mai da datti.
Preheating: Don ƙafafun hannu masu kauri-, fara zafi da farko don hana zafin zafi yayin walda.
Walda: Yi amfani da matakan walda masu dacewa da kayan don walda yankin da ya fashe.
Sanyaya da tsaftacewa: Bayan an gama waldawa, sai a kwantar da hankali a hankali, a tsaftace shingen walda, sannan a duba ingancin walda.
Bayanan kula:
Lokacin waldawa, dole ne a sarrafa shigar da zafi don hana wuce gona da iri na yankin da zafin ya shafa-.
Bayan waldawa, ana buƙatar maganin zafi mai mahimmanci don kawar da damuwa na ciki da mayar da kayan abu.
4.2. Gyaran injina
Don ƙafafun hannu tare da sawayen ramukan tsakiya ko hanyoyin maɓalli, ana iya dawo da girman asalinsu da daidaito ta hanyar injina.
Matakai:
Aunawa da yin alama: Yi amfani da kayan aikin aunawa don auna matakin lalacewa da alama wurin da za a sarrafa.
Gyaran gyarawa: Gyara ƙafafun hannu akan kayan aiki don tabbatar da daidaiton aiki.
Gudanarwa: Yi amfani da juyi, niƙa da sauran hanyoyin don cire abin lalacewa da mayar da girman asali.
Dubawa da tsaftacewa: Bayan sarrafawa, duba girman da dacewa, kuma tsaftace alamun sarrafawa.
Matakan kariya:
Ya kamata a sarrafa ma'aunin yankan yayin aiki don hana zafi ko fiye da sarrafa{{0}.
Tabbatar da dacewa da abin da aka sarrafa na hannu tare da sassan mating don tabbatar da amfani na yau da kullun.
4.3 Gyaran jiyya na saman
Maganin zafi
Ta hanyar dumama da tsarin sanyaya, tsarin ciki na carbon karfe handwheel yana canza don inganta taurinsa da juriya. Hanyoyin maganin zafi na gama gari sun haɗa da daidaitawa, quenching da tempering.
Tauraruwar saman
Ana amfani da carburizing, nitriding da sauran hanyoyin don samar da tauri mai tauri akan saman abin hannu don haɓaka juriya da juriya ga gajiya.
Gyaran walda
Don wuraren da ke da tsaga ko lalacewa mai tsanani, ana iya amfani da gyaran walda.
5. Dubawa da shigarwa na carbon karfe handwheel bayan gyara
Bayan an gyara abin hannu na karfen carbon, dole ne a yi jerin gwaje-gwaje don tabbatar da cewa an dawo da shi yadda aka saba amfani da shi, musamman wadanda suka hada da:
Duban bayyanar: Bincika ko akwai tsagewa, lahani ko wasu lalacewa a saman ƙafafun hannu don tabbatar da cewa babu wani bambanci a fili tsakanin yankin da aka gyara da kuma ainihin ɓangaren.
Binciken girma: Yi amfani da daidaitattun kayan aikin aunawa don auna maɓalli na maɓalli na hannu, kamar diamita na waje, diamita na rami, kauri, da dai sauransu, don tabbatar da cewa sun cika ka'idodin ƙira.
Binciken Geometry: Tabbatar da ko geometry na wheelwheel daidai ne, kamar lamba da matsayi na kakakin, don tabbatar da cewa ya dace da ƙa'idodin ƙira.
Gwajin taurin: Yi amfani da na'urar gwajin tauri don yin gwaje-gwajen taurin akan mahimman sassa na ƙafar hannu don tabbatar da cewa taurinsa ya cika buƙatun amfani.
Gwajin ma'auni: Don ƙafafun hannu waɗanda ke tafiya cikin babban sauri ko kuma suna da manyan buƙatun ma'auni, ana buƙatar gwaje-gwajen daidaitawa don tabbatar da cewa suna tafiya cikin sauƙi.
Kariyar shigarwa
Bayan tabbatar da cewa an gyara ƙafafun hannu kuma ya cancanta, shigarwa daidai yana da mahimmanci. Babban matakan sun haɗa da:
Tsaftace wurin shigarwa: Kafin kafuwa, tsaftace wurin da aka kafa na ƙafar hannu, cire mai, tarkace, da dai sauransu, kuma tabbatar da cewa wurin shigarwa yana da tsabta.
Duba girman daidai: Tabbatar cewa rami na tsakiya ko girman rami na abin hannu ya yi daidai da girman ramin shigarwa ko ɗaukar nauyi don guje wa matsalolin shigarwa ko aiki mara kyau saboda rashin dacewa.
Gyara dabaran hannu: Dangane da ƙirar ƙafar ƙafar hannu, yi amfani da maɗaurin da suka dace (kamar ƙwaya da kusoshi) don gyara ƙafafun hannu zuwa ƙarshen shaft ko lever mai aiki don tabbatar da cewa yana da ƙarfi kuma abin dogaro.
Daidaita kusurwar aiki: Yayin shigarwa, daidaita kusurwar aiki na ƙafar hannu don yin shi da ergonomically da kuma tabbatar da aiki mai dadi.
Maganin shafawa: Aiwatar da man mai mai dacewa ko mai mai zuwa sassan da ake bukata don rage rikici da tsawaita rayuwar sabis.
Duba iya aiki: Bayan shigarwa, jujjuya wheel wheel da hannu don bincika ko yana jujjuya lafiya da kuma ko akwai wani cunkoso don tabbatar da aikinsa na yau da kullun.
6. Matakan hana carbon karfe sawa hannu
Don tsawaita rayuwar sabis na keken ƙarfe na hannu da rage lalacewa, ana ba da shawarar matakan kariya masu zuwa:
Zaɓi kayan da suka dace da maganin zafi
A cikin masana'antu tsari na handwheels, carbon karfe kayan da kyau lalacewa juriya da aka zaba da kuma dace zafi jiyya kamar quenching da tempering ake yi don inganta su surface taurin da kuma sa juriya.
Inganta tsarin ƙira
Haƙiƙa ƙirƙira tsarin dabaran hannu, kamar ƙara yawan adadin magana, inganta siffar bakin, da sauransu, don rarraba ƙarfi daidai da rage lalacewa na gida.
Tsaftacewa da kulawa akai-akai
A rika tsaftace keken hannu da mahallinsa a kai a kai don hana al’amuran waje kamar kura da yashi shiga tsakanin keken hannu da sassan aiki, da kuma rage lalacewa da abubuwan waje ke haifarwa.
Ci gaba da mai
Ƙara man shafawa akai-akai zuwa ɓangaren jujjuyawar abin hannu don tabbatar da cewa yana da isassun man shafawa yayin aiki, rage gogayya, da hana wuce gona da iri.
Kauce wa aiki fiye da kima
Lokacin amfani da dabaran hannu don sarrafa kayan aiki, guje wa wuce gona da iri don hana wuce gona da iri ko lalacewa ta hanyar wuce gona da iri.
Sarrafa abubuwan muhalli
Yi ƙoƙarin guje wa bayyanar dogon lokaci{0} wheel wheel zuwa yanayi mara kyau kamar zafin jiki mai zafi, zafi mai zafi, da iskar gas mai lalata don rage tsufa da lalacewa da abubuwan muhalli ke haifarwa.
Dubawa da kimantawa akai-akai
Ƙirƙiri tsarin dubawa na yau da kullun don ƙafafun hannu don gano alamun lalacewa da sauri da ɗaukar matakan kulawa da suka dace ko musanyawa don hana gazawar lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa mai tsanani.
Kammalawa
A matsayin wani muhimmin kayan aikin injiniya, dubawa da daidaitaccen shigarwa na katako na carbon karfe bayan gyarawa, da kuma matakan rigakafi a cikin kulawar yau da kullum, suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aikin yau da kullum na kayan aiki da kuma tsawaita rayuwar sabis na hannu. Ta zaɓin kayan inganci masu inganci, inganta ƙira, kiyaye mai mai kyau, guje wa aiki mai yawa da kulawa akai-akai, za'a iya rage lalacewa ta hannu yadda ya kamata don tabbatar da dogon lokaci da kwanciyar hankali ga nau'ikan kayan aikin inji daban-daban.
